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DOMAIN |
REQUIREMENT |
EXISTING PROPERTIES |
DEFINITION |
PROPERTY RANGE (VES/SES) |
NOTES |
![[WWW]](Properties_files/moin-www.png) Use Cases |
DISCUSSION SUMMARY |
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P1: Subject |
dcterms:subject |
The topic of the resource. |
-- |
Not educationally specific but will need to provide guidance on
educational subject vocabularies. We have gathered a few examples
and created some criteria by which to evaluate such vocabularies, but
really there needs to be a registry with appropriate functionality for
discovering vocabularies that allows them to be identified, mapped,
crosswalked etc. |
002; 011; 014; 015; 019; 020; 022; 026; 027; 029; 030; 034; 035; 038; 039; 040; 041 |
Andy Powell (8 April) http://tinyurl.com/2dbvxmn |
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lom: keyword (1.5) |
A keyword or phrase describing the topic of this learning object. |
-- |
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lom: classification: purpose (9.1) |
This category describes where this learning object falls within a
particular classification system...The purpose of classifying this
learning object. |
'discipline' or 'idea' |
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-- |
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P2: Audience |
dcterms:audience |
A class of entity for whom the resource is intended or useful. |
-- |
This is a major area for the AP - there are a number of ways in which
requirements may be said to break down attributes of "audience" for a
resource. These are listed below. Only three use cases
specified "audience" with no further qualification. Note: 'Audience' may
be either the audience a resource was intended for, or it may record of
audience the resource was used with. |
014; 017; 046 |
--Andy Powell (8 April) http://tinyurl.com/2e2h8gb; --Ronan O'Beirne (12 April) http://tinyurl.com/2343mdn; --Diane Hillmann (12 April) http://tinyurl.com/24uyjc2; --Ronan O'Beirne (13 April) http://tinyurl.com/28verrp |
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lom:intended End User Role (5.5) |
Principal user(s) for which this learning object was designed, most dominant first. |
'teacher', 'author', 'learner', 'manager' |
NOTE: DCMI/IEEE LOM LTSC Joint Taskforce uses dcterms:audience |
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--Andy Powell (8 April) http://tinyurl.com/2e2h8gb "Use dcterms:audience and declare current LOM vocabulary as RDF classes:'teacher', 'author', 'learner', 'manager'" |
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P3: Educational Context |
lom:context (5.6) |
The principal environment within which the learning and use of this learning object is intended to take place. |
'school', 'higher education', 'training', 'other' |
The principal environment within which the learning and use of this
learning object is intended to take place. Refers to context such as
higher education, primary education, K12, community education, etc.
Need to clarify difference between this and Education Level as DCMI has
blurred this. |
017; 029; 034; 046 |
--Andy Powell (8 April) http://tinyurl.com/2eam8yd "Too much overlap with dcterms:educationLevel - drop." |
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P4: Educational Level |
dcterms: education Level |
A class of entity, defined in terms of progression through an
educational or training context, for which the described resource is
intended. |
-- |
Refers to specific level resource was created for or used in, e.g. "1st
year" or using some local curricula level. NOTE: The previous version of
the property definition included a comment intended to clarify the property as applying to both what is defined above as context and more specific educational levels. |
001; 014; 019; 020; 022; 027; 029; 031; 034; 036; 041; 046 |
--Andy Powell (8 April) http://tinyurl.com/267pp9s |
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lom: classification: purpose (9.1) |
This category describes where this learning object falls within a
particular classification system...The purpose of classifying this
learning object. |
'education level' |
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P5: Skill Level |
-- |
-- |
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Refers to level of skill the learner needs to have to work with the resource. Could be the same as "Prerequisite". |
005; 014; 037 |
--Andy Powell (8 April) http://tinyurl.com/2cle9ko
"Combine (referencing P5, P7, and P9)and declare using
dcterms:audience. Define an appropriate set of RDF classes. (Actually...
if you want my honest opinion, I would drop all three as being
unworkable in the wild)."; --Mike Collett (15 April) http://tinyurl.com/2ast4uv |
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P6 Age Range |
lom: typical Age Range |
Age of the typical intended user. |
-- |
Refers to the typical age range that a resource might be used with, or
the actual age range it has been used with. There has been some
discussion on whether to conflate this with Educational Level, but this
is not practical in all cases, and in some cases some combination of the
two might be beneficial (e.g. first-time readers who are adults). |
011; 014; 038 |
--Andy Powell (8 April) http://tinyurl.com/2fqsyn7 |
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P7: Literacy Level |
-- |
-- |
-- |
Could be a subset of "Skill Level"? |
005 |
--Andy Powell (8 April) http://tinyurl.com/2cle9ko
"Combine (referencing P5, P7, and P9)and declare using
dcterms:audience. Define an appropriate set of RDF classes. (Actually...
if you want my honest opinion, I would drop all three as being
unworkable in the wild)."; --Mike Collett (15 April) http://tinyurl.com/2ast4uv |
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P8: Language of Intended User |
lom: educational Language (5.11) |
The human language used by the typical intended user of this learning object. |
-- |
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021; 034 |
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P9: Prerequisites |
-- |
-- |
-- |
This is "Audience" in the sense that it describes previous learning
achievements the learner must have in order to use the
resource. Could be the same as "Skill Level" or "Literacy Level"?
Aren't they nothing more than the learning outcomes of previous learning
experiences--outcomes of one experience are prerequisite to the next? |
020 |
--Andy Powell (8 April) http://tinyurl.com/2cle9ko
"Combine (referencing P5, P7, and P9)and declare using
dcterms:audience. Define an appropriate set of RDF classes. (Actually...
if you want my honest opinion, I would drop all three as being
unworkable in the wild)."; --Mike Collett (15 April) http://tinyurl.com/2ast4uv |
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P10: Learning Preference |
-- |
-- |
-- |
This is the "Audience" slant on Instructional Method (Pedagogical
Approach), where the learning style or preference of the intended or
actual audience is recorded, as opposed to Instructional Method embedded
in resource, or within which resource was used. |
?? |
-- |
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P11: Learning Goals |
lom: classification: purpose (9.1) |
-- |
'educational objective', 'competency' |
Note This is a major area for the AP - there are two main
approaches- "learning goals" which may be more-or-less vague, subjective
or localised; and "achievement standards" which are more codified sets
of learning outcomes, such as national curricula, competencies for a
particular professional achievement, etc. The line between the two
is somewhat blurry. The use cases listed here variously called this
property "competencies"; "learning goals"; "learning outcomes";
"learning objectives"; "learning areas";"learning use"; and "teaching
point". In some cases, the use case actually distinguishes between
two or more of these terms as separate properties; this will be
difficult to untangle as the way these things are defined varies
geographically and across sectors; and this is only use cases that have
been submitted in English. Note: These may refer either the goal a
resource was intended to meet, or it may record a goal the resource was
used to meet. |
Learning goals: 001 Learning objectives/outcomes: 001; 020; 027; 031; 032; 035; 042; 045; 046; 047; 049 Competencies: 001; 022; 026; 027; 032; 035 Learning areas: 011 Learning use: 030 Teaching point: 034 |
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P12: Achievement Standards |
dcterms:conformsTo |
An established standard to which the described resource conforms. |
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See above. Again, these are referred to in a number of different ways across the use cases |
National achievement standards: 001; 036 Local achievement standards: 001; 032; 047 Curricula: 001; 022; 029; 032; 036; 045; 046; 047 |
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lom:classification:purpose (9.1) |
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'educational objective', 'competency' |
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P13: Course |
See XCRI metadata |
-- |
-- |
The specific course a resource was created for or has been used in. |
003; 019; 021; 041 |
-- |
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P14: Instructional Method |
dcterms: instructional Method |
A process, used to engender knowledge, attitudes and skills, that the described resource is designed to support. |
-- |
AKA Pedagogical Approach. This may be something embedded in the
resource (e.g. a video of a lecture is using the didactic approach) or
it may describe the mayor ways in which a resource is intended to be
used, or has been used (e.g. as support material for group exercise). |
001; 014; 026; 034; 046; 048 |
-- |
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P15: Level of Difficulty |
lom: difficulty |
How hard it is to work with or through this learning object for the typical intended target audience. |
'very easy', 'easy', 'medium', 'difficult', 'very difficult' |
Note:This is particularly problematic divorced from the skill level or educational level of the user. |
034; 037 |
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P16: Skills being practiced |
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-- |
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Refers to specific skills being taught by a resource, e.g. a resource
showing use of a medical device, to be viewed on a hand-held device by a
medical student on placement. NOTE: How is this different from
Learning Goals as outcomes? |
034; 035 |
-- |
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P17: Typical Learning Time |
lom: typical Learning Time |
Approximate or typical time it takes to work with or through this learning object for the typical intended target audience. |
-- |
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020; 043 |
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P18: Type |
dcterms:type |
The nature or genre of the resource. |
-- |
-- |
003; 004; 006; 030; 034; 037; 038 |
--Andy Powell (8 April) http://tinyurl.com/26jxdty; --Mike Collett (13 April) http://tinyurl.com/2cyj4wx; Andy Powell (13 April) http://tinyurl.com/23s9ome; --Mike Collett (14 April) http://tinyurl.com/2c32crc; --Stuart Sutton (14 April) http://tinyurl.com/2c9vhyu; --Mike Collett (15 April) http://tinyurl.com/27j9byl |
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lom:learning Resource Type |
Specific kind of learning object. The most dominant kind shall be first. |
'exercise', 'simulation', 'questionnaire', 'diagram', 'figure', 'graph',
'index', 'slide', 'table', 'narrative text', 'exam', 'experiment',
'problem statement', 'self assessment', 'lecture' |
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P19: Origin |
-- |
-- |
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Refers to the locality or culture from which the resource originated,
which may have bearing on its suitability for the educational context or
learners for which it will be used. |
014; 017; 025 |
--Any Powell (8 April) http://tinyurl.com/23qhupv; --Andy Powell (8 April) http://tinyurl.com/2an3lvc "Again... I would drop this as not being workable in the wild."; --Mike Collett (15 April) http://tinyurl.com/2cs27yz |
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P20: Designed for reuse |
-- |
-- |
-- |
Is this a "type"? Teacher needs to ascertain quickly whether a
resource was designed with reuse or re-purposing in mind. NOTE: Use case
deals with licensing. |
017 |
--Andy Powell (8 April) http://tinyurl.com/22qvtmm This feels like a rather odd 'yes'/'no' property to me which in general I think should be avoided."; --Mike Collett (14 April) http://tinyurl.com/25u2w9m; --Stuart Sutton (14 April) http://tinyurl.com/2awqnho |
![[MAILTO]](Properties_files/moin-email.png){kind=small}
mailto:sasutton@uw.edu; Diane Hillmann,